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MP2214 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 1 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. the future of analog ic technology description the MP2214 is an internally compensated 600khz fixed frequency pwm synchronous step-down regulator with a 3v to 6v bias supply (v cc ). MP2214 operates from a 3v to 16v input and generates an adjustable output voltage from 0.8v to 0.9xv in at up to 4a load current. the MP2214 integrates an 80m ? high-side switch and an 80m ? synchronous rectifier for high efficiency without an external schottky diode. with peak current mode control and internal compensation, it is stable with a output ceramic capacitor and a small inductor. fault protection includes hiccup short-circuit protection, cycle-by-cycle current limiting and thermal shutdown. other features include frequency synchronization and internal soft- start. the MP2214 is available in small 3mm x 4mm 14-lead qfn and 8-lead soic with exposed pad packages. features ? 4a output current ? input supply range: 3v to 16v ? 80m ? internal power mosfet switches ? all ceramic output capacitors design ? up to 95% efficiency ? 600khz fixed switching frequency ? adjustable output from 0.8v to 0.9xv in ? internal soft-start ? power good pin ? frequency synchronization input ? thermal shutdown ? cycle-by-cycle current limiting ? hiccup short circuit protection ? 14-lead, 3mm x 4mm qfn and 8-lead soice packages applications ? p/asic/dsp/fpga core and i/o supplies ? printers and lcd tvs ? network and telecom equipment ? point of load regulators ?mps? and ?the future of analog ic technology? are trademarks of monolithic power systems, inc. typical application MP2214 bs in fb sw en/sync vcc gnd v out 1.8v / 4a l1 3.3uh c2 47uf v in 3v to 16v 1,3,12 14 4,11 7 5,10 8 13 9 v cc 3v to 6v c1 33uf c4 1uf off on pok c3 100nf c6 560pf
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 2 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. package reference pin 1 id exposed pad on backside connect to gnd 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 fb en/sync pgnd sw in pok vcc agnd n/c pgnd sw in n/c bs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 top view part number* package temperature MP2214dl qfn14 (3mm x 4mm) ?40 c to +85 c * for tape & reel, add suffix ?z (e.g. MP2214dl?z) for rohs compliant packaging, add suffix ?lf (e.g. MP2214dl?lf?z) absolute maxi mum ratings (1) in to gnd .................................... ? 0.3v to +18v sw to gnd .......................... ? 0.3v to v in + 0.3v ...................................-3v to v in + 3v for < 50ns fb, en/sync, vcc to gnd.......... ? 0.3v to +6.5v bs to sw .................................... ? 0.3v to +6.5v junction temperature ...............................150c lead temperature ....................................260c storage temperature............... ? 65c to +150c fb gnd in bs en/sync sw sw vcc 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 top view exposed pad on backside connect to gnd part number* package temperature MP2214adn soic8e ?40 c to +85 c ** for tape & reel, add suffix ?z (e.g. MP2214adn?z) for rohs compliant packaging, add suffix ?lf (e.g. MP2214adn?lf?z) recommended operating conditions (2) supply voltage v in .............................. 3v to 16v bias voltage v cc ................................... 3v to 6v output voltage v out ................. 0.8v to 0.9 x v in operating temperature ............. ? 40c to +85c thermal resistance (3) ja jc soic8e .................................. 50 ...... 10... c/w qfn14 (3mm x 4mm) ............. 48 ...... 10... c/w notes: 1) exceeding these ratings may damage the device. 2) the device is not guaranteed to function outside of its operating conditions. 3) measured on approximately 1? square of 1 oz copper.
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 3 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. electrical characteristics (4) v cc = 3.6v, v in =12v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted. parameters condition min typ max units v cc supply current v en = v cc v fb = 0.85v 750 a v cc shutdown current v en = 0v, v cc = 6v 1 a v cc under voltage lockout threshold rising edge 2.8 2.95 v v cc under voltage lockout hysteresis 200 mv in shutdown current v en = 0v 4 a in under voltage lockout threshold, rising edge 2.85 2.95 v in under voltage lockout hysteresis 300 mv t a = +25c 0.780 0.800 0.820 v regulated fb voltage ?40c t a +85c 0.772 0.828 v fb input current v fb = 0.85v -50 50 na en high threshold ?40c t a +85c 1.6 v en low threshold ?40c t a +85c 0.4 v internal soft-start time 120 s high-side switch on-resistance i sw = 300ma 80 m ? low-side switch on-resistance i sw = ?300ma 80 m ? sw leakage current v en = 0v; v in = 12v v sw = 0v or 12v ?10 10 a bs under voltage lockout threshold 1.8 v high-side switch current limit sourcing 5.5 7.5 a low-side switch current limit sinking 3 a oscillator frequency 450 600 750 khz synch frequency 2 mhz minimum on time 50 ns maximum duty cycle 90 % thermal shutdown threshold hysteresis = 20c 150 c note: 4) production test at +25c. specificat ions over the temperature range are guaranteed by design and characterization.
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 4 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. pin functions 8-soice pin # 14-qfn pin # name description 5 8 vcc bias supply. this supplies power to bot h the internal control circuit and the gate drivers. a decoupling capacitor to ground is required close to this pin. 3 5, 10 in input supply. this supplies power to the high side switch. a decoupling capacitor to ground is required close to this pin to reduce switching spikes. 6 7 4, 11 sw switch node connection to the inductor. these pins connect to the internal high and low-side power mosfet switches. all sw pins must be connected together externally. 2 1, 3, 12 pgnd, agnd, exposed pad ground. connect these pins with larger copper areas to the negative terminals of the input and output capa citors. connect exposed pad to gnd plane for proper thermal performance. 4 7 bs bootstrap. a capacitor between this pin and sw provides a floating supply for the high-side gate driver. 1 14 fb feedback. this is the input to the e rror amplifier. an external resistive divider connected between the output an d gnd is compared to the internal 0.8v reference to set the regulation voltage. 8 13 en/sync enable and frequency synchronization input pin. forcing this pin below 0.4v shuts down the part. forcing this pin above 1.6v turns on the part. applying a 500khz to 2mhz clock signal to this pin synchronizes the internal oscillator frequency to the external source. 9 pok power good pin. 2, 6 n/c no connect.
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 5 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. functional block diagram -- + + -- + logic slope compensation and peak current limit pwm current comparator en comp slope clk en exclk osc en/sync logic uvlo uvlo soft -start 0.8v 0.5pf 1.2 meg 17pf in in bs sw sw gnd gnd fb en/sync vcc figure 1?functional block diagram
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 6 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. functional description pwm control the MP2214 is a co nstant frequency peak- current-mode control pwm switching regulator. refer to the functional block diagram. the high side n-channel dmos power switch turns on at the beginning of each clock cycle. the current in the inductor increases until the pwm current comparator trips to turn off the high side dmos switch. the peak inductor current at which the current comparator shuts off the high side power switch is controlled by the comp voltage at the output of feedback erro r amplifier. the transconductance from t he comp voltage to the output current is set at 11.25a/v. this current-mode control greatly simplifies the feedback compensation design by approximating the switching converter as a single-pole system. only type ii compensation network is needed, which is integrated into the MP2214. compensation in the MP2214 simplifies the compensation design, minimizes external component counts. enable and frequency synchronization (en/sync pin) this is a dual function input pin. forcing this pin below 0.4v for longer than 4us shuts down the part; forcing this pin above 1.6v for longer than 4s turns on the part. applying a 500khz to 2mhz clock signal to this pin also synchronizes the internal oscillator frequency to the external clock. when the external clock is used, the part turns on after detecting the first few clocks regardless of duty cycles. if any on or off period of the clock is longer than 4s, the signal will be intercepted as an enable input and disables the synchronization. soft-start and output pre-bias startup when the soft-start period starts, an internal current source begins charging an internal soft- start capacitor. during soft-start, the voltage on the soft-start capacitor is connected to the non- inverting input of the error amplifier. the soft-start period lasts until the voltage on the soft-start capacitor exceeds the re ference voltage of 0.8v. at this point the reference voltage takes over at the non-inverting error amplifier input. the soft- start time is internally set at 120s. if the output of the MP2214 is pre-biased to a certain voltage during startup, the ic will disable the switching of both high-side and low-side switches until the voltage on the internal soft-start capacitor exceeds the sens ed output voltage at the fb pin. over current protection the MP2214 offers cycle-to-cycle current limiting for both high-side and low-side switches. the high-side current limit is relatively constant regardless of duty cycles. when the output is shorted to ground, caus ing the output voltage to drop below 70% of its nominal output, the ic is shut down momentarily and begins discharging the soft start capacitor. it will restart with a full soft-start when the soft- start capacitor is fully discharged. this hiccup pr ocess is repeated until the fault is removed. bootstrap (bst pin) the gate driver for the high-side n-channel dmos power switch is supplied by a bootstrap capacitor connected betw een the bs and sw pins. when the low-side switch is on, the capacitor is charged through an internal boost diode. when the high-side switch is on and the low-side switch turns off, the voltage on the bootstrap capacitor is boosted above the input voltage and the internal bootstrap diode prevents the capacitor from discharging. no external bootstrap diode is required for typical applications. for applicati ons with low input vcc voltage or where output vo ltage is very close to input voltage, an external schottky diode may be connected from the vcc to bs pins to charge the bootstrapped capacitor more strongly for increased gate drive voltage. when using the external bootstrap diode, a resistor at the regulator output or a minimal load current may be required as the bootstr apped capacitor always see the supply voltage even when the part is disabled. input uvlo both vcc and in pins hav e input uvlo detection. until both vcc and in voltage exceed under voltage lockout threshold, the parts remain in shutdown condition. ther e are also under voltage lockout hysesteres at both vcc and in pins.
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 7 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. vcc power supply v cc is the power supply of both the internal control circuit and the gate drivers. generally, the v cc power supply could be provided directly by a proper power rail or generated from other v cc generation circuits. for instance, figure4 shows a typical v cc generation circuit for vout=5v application. it is noteworthy that t he voltage applied on the v cc pin should never be higher than 6v. application information setting the output voltage the external resistor divider sets the output voltage (see figure1). for typical applications, choose r2 to be 10k ? , r1 is then given by: ) 1 8 . 0 ( 2 1 ? = v v r r out table 1?resistor selection vs. output voltage setting v out (v) r1 (k ? ) r2 (k ? ) l ( h) c out (ceramic) 1.2 5 10 1 h-4.7 h 47 f 1.5 8.75 10 1 h-4.7 h 47 f 1.8 12.5 10 1 h-4.7 h 47 f 2.5 21.25 10 1 h-4.7 h 47 f 3.3 31.25 10 1 h-4.7 h 47 f selecting the inductor a 1h to 4.7h inductor with dc current rating at least 25% higher than the maximum load current is recommended for most applications. for best efficiency, the inductor dc resistance shall be <10m ? . see table 2 for recommended inductors and manufacturers. for most designs, the inductance value can be derived from the following equation: out in out in l osc vx(v v) l vxixf ? = where ? i l is inductor ripple current. choose inductor ripple current approximately 30% of the maximum load current, 4a. the maximum inductor peak current is: l l(max) load i ii 2 =+ under light load conditions, larger inductance is recommended for improved efficiency input capacitor selection the input capacitor reduces the surge current drawn from the input and switching noise from the device. the input capacitor impedance at the switching frequency shall be less than input source impedance to prevent high frequency switching current passing to the input. ceramic capacitors with x5r or x7r dielectrics are highly recommended because of their low esr and small temperature coefficients. for most applications, a 47f capacitor is sufficient. table 2?suggested surface mount inductors manufacturer part number inductance ( h) max dcr (m ? ) current rating (a) dimensions l x w x h (mm 3 ) toko fda1055-3r3m 3.3 7. 3 11.7 10.8x11.6x5.5 wurth electronics 744314330 3.3 9.6 8 7x6.9x5 tdk ulf100457-3r3n6r9 3. 3 11.6 7.5 10x9.7x4.5
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 8 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. output capacitor selection the output capacitor keeps output voltage ripple small and ensures regulation loop stable. the output capacitor impedance shall be low at the switching frequency. ceramic capacitors with x5r or x7r dielectrics are recommended. if electrolytic capacitor is used, pay attention to output ripple voltage, extra heating, and the selection of feedback resistor r1 (refer to ?output voltage setting? section) due to large esr of electrolytic capacitor. the output ripple ? v out is approximately: out in out out in osc osc vx(v v) 1 v x(esr ) v xf xl 8xf xc3 ? ? + external schottky diode for this part, an external schottky diode is recommended to be placed close to "sw" and "gnd" pins, especially when the output current is larger than 2a. with the external schottky diode, the voltage spike and negative kick on "sw" pin can be minimized; moreover, the conversion efficiency can also be improved a little. for the external schottky diode selection, it's noteworthy that the maximum reverse voltage rating of the external diode should be larger than the maximum input voltage. as for the current rating of this diode, 0.5a rating should be sufficient. pcb layout guide pcb layout is very important to achieve stable operation. it is highly recommended to duplicate evb layout for optimum performance. if change is necessary, please follow these guidelines as follows. here, the typical application circuit is taken as an example to illustrate the key layout rules should be followed. 1) for MP2214, a pcb layout with >=4 layers is recommended. 2) the high current paths (gnd, in and sw) should be placed very close to the device with short, direct and wide traces. 3) two input ceramic capacitors (2 x (10 f~22 f)) are strongly recommended to be placed on both sides of the MP2214dl package and keep them as close as possible to the ?in? and ?gnd? pins. 4) a rc low pass filter is recommended for vcc supply. the vcc decoupling capacitor must be placed as close as possible to ?vcc? pin and ?gnd? pin. 5) the external feedback resistors shall be placed next to the fb pin. keep the fb trace as short as possible. 6) keep the switching node sw short and away from the feedback network. top layer inner layer1
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 9 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. inner layer2 bottom layer figure2 D recommended pcb layout
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 10 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. typical application circuits figure 3 D typical application circuit of MP2214 vin 9v to 16v vout 5v/4a c3 47uf r1 10k r2 1.91k l1 3.3uh c5 100nf c2 22uf r3 100k r4 10k c4 1uf d1 b0530 c1 22uf d2 b0530 z1 4.7v q1 mmbt3904 bs 5,10 4,11 14 1,3,12 8 13 in vcc sw en/sync fb agnd/pgnd MP2214 2 9 pok n/c r5 100k figure 4 D MP2214 with a v cc generation circuit
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 11 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. package information qfn14 (3mm x 4mm) side view top view 1 14 8 7 bottom view 2.90 3.10 1.60 1.80 3.90 4.10 3.20 3.40 0.50 bsc 0.18 0.30 0.80 1.00 0.00 0.05 0.20 ref pin 1 id marking 1.70 0.50 0.25 recommended land pattern 2.90 note: 1) all dimensions are in millimeters. 2) exposed paddle size does not include mold flash. 3) lead coplanarity shall be 0.10 millimeter max. 4) drawing conforms to jedec mo-229, variation veed-5. 5) drawing is not to scale. pin 1 id see detail a 3.30 0.70 pin 1 id option b r0.20 typ. pin 1 id option a 0.30x45 o typ. detail a 0.30 0.50 pin 1 id index area
MP2214 ? 16v, 4a, 600khz synchronous step-down converter notice: the information in this document is subject to change wi thout notice. users should warra nt and guarantee that third party intellectual property rights are not infringed upon w hen integrating mps products into any application. mps will not assume any legal responsibility for any said applications. MP2214 rev. 0.9 www.monolithicpower.com 12 9/1/2010 mps proprietary information. unaut horized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2010 mps. all rights reserved. soic8e (exposed pad) see detail "a" 0.0075(0.19) 0.0098(0.25) 0.050(1.27) bsc 0.013(0.33) 0.020(0.51) seating plane 0.000(0.00) 0.006(0.15) 0.051(1.30) 0.067(1.70) top view front view side view bottom view note: 1) control dimension is in inches. dimension in bracket is in millimeters. 2) package length does not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs. 3) package width does not include inte rlead flash or protrusions. 4) lead coplanarity (bottom of leads after forming) shall be 0.004" inches max. 5) drawing conforms to jedec ms-012, variation ba. 6) drawing is not to scale. 0.089(2.26) 0.101(2.56) 0.124(3.15) 0.136(3.45) recommended land pattern 0.213(5.40) 0.063(1.60) 0.050(1.27) 0.024(0.61) 0.103(2.62) 0.138(3.51) 0.150(3.80) 0.157(4.00) pin 1 id 0.189(4.80) 0.197(5.00) 0.228(5.80) 0.244(6.20) 14 85 0.016(0.41) 0.050(1.27) 0 o -8 o detail "a" 0.010(0.25) 0.020(0.50) x 45 o 0.010(0.25) bsc gauge plane

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